فصلنامه ابتکار و خلاقیت در علوم انسانی
سال هفتم شماره 28 (بهار 1397)

Knowledge in the economies of the countries is of great importance, and knowledge base enterprises as knowledge producers and commercializes have a strong role in the knowledge economy. The executives of knowledge base enterprises are expert people with technical expertise who do not necessarily have much knowledge about management functions. Human resource management is one of the main functions of management, which predicts the failure and success of these companies.
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the process of human resource management in knowledge base enterprises. The main question is: what processes of human resource management are carried out and prioritized. Also, this paper examines the effect of HR departments and the number of human resources on the performance of human resources management processes.
The sample of this research is about 168 managers and experts of human resource management in knowledge base enterprises.
The results of this study showed that employing functions, recruitment interviews, application schedules, staff structure and payment, contingency and positional payments, and rewards for specific groups are performed in over 90% of these companies. The results showed that the functions of the staff classification and payment structure, employee benefits and retirement plan, bonus management system, employee communication and health and safety, the existence or absence of a unit of HRM affects them.
Since this research explores the functions of HRM in separately, these results are beneficial for researchers as well as for managers of these companies. Also, policymakers use the results of this research to empower these companies in a targeted way.

Considering the significance of creativity in global development, the emphasis on its development at an early age, and the role of art in its flourishing on the one hand and the concern about “the Creativity Crisis” and lack of understanding concerning creativity in schools on the other hand, necessitate innovative and applied solutions in the present age.
The present study aims to provide an applied pattern for promoting the creativity of elementary school students through music experiences with usability by Iranian non-specialized teachers and its validation.
This research has been conducted in three studies. In order to design the intended pattern with the applicability by non-specialized teachers in elementary schools, first and second surveys include assessing the implementation of the artists’ educational practices in the creativity development with musical concepts and Cage’s pedagogical experiences, the prominent musician, teacher of the 20th century, which were evaluated by two rounds of a self-made Delphi questionnaire with concepts and pedagogical practices used to fostering creativity, and determined by experts in three areas of education, art, and music.
The third Experimental research, with the purpose of validating the discovered pattern, was conducted by a non-specialist teacher on a group of primary girl students, with a pre-post test of Torrance Creative Thinking Test (TTCT; figural version of form A).
The findings indicate acceptance of some dimensions of the artist's educational model and Cage’s pedagogical experiences as a set of strategies for implementing in Iranian schools, according to experts and the third study also showed the significant difference between experimental and control group on creativity dimensions, fluidity, originality, flexibility, and the overall creativity score except expandability.
The analyzes indicate the effectiveness of the intended pattern on the creativity development of primary school children and its use by non-specialized teachers in the educational environment of Iran.

Goals: This study is an investigation of innovative technology in writing skill. To this end, the potential of a designed innovative e-collaborative writing website with unique features in creating opportunities in improving writing ability, fostering creativity in managing discourse through negotiation of form (NOF) and negotiation of meaning (NOM) in comparison with collaborative writing of Iranian learners .
60 Iranian intermediate EFL learner's writing performances in two writing modalities were analyzed with respect to their potential in increasing writing achievement scores and creating a medium for NOM and NOF were analyzed. Data were collected through pretest/posttest measures, conversation and log analysis of form and meaning negotiations in collaborative and e-collaborative writing and open coding of student reflective essays.
Multivariate analysis of co-variance and chi-square analysis indicated that learners had higher writing scores and negotiation of meaning and form in e-collaborative.

Innovation is one of the important features of today's organizations in the field of environmental changes,globalization and the profound change of consumer preferences and customer demands as a factor of business successes, and a way of entering the global markets. Also commercialization and transmission of research findings to the industry and marketing are undoubtedly one of the most complex stages of innovation process. Experiences of different countries show that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a key role in technology development, economic prosperity and employment. According to the most of the scholars, they are the foundation of knowledge-based economy. As a result, the present study intends to shed some light on innovation and commercialization in knowledge-based companies which is an essential issue. The aim of this study is to develop an integrated model for developing the innovation and commercialization level of knowledge-based companies in Iran. This research is a kind of qualitative research that is conducted using grounded theory approach. The statistical population consisted of experts in the field of knowledge-based companies which were selected through theoritical sampling.Finally 13 managers of knowledge-based companies in Tehran province were selected as participants in the research. A semi-structured interview was used for data gathering with general guidance. to obtain reliability and validity of the data, two methods of reviewing participants and non-participants’ experts in the research were used. Based on data analysis, "Entering the market" is an axial phenomenon in developing the innovation and commercialization level of knowledge-based companies, and based on causal conditions, intervening conditions and context conditions, strategies are developed and the final model is presented.

The effect of creativity and innovation on crime prevention and detection causes police to play a very important role and helps police to implement their objectives using creative and innovative methods in confronting criminals. In fact, creativity is the basis and pillar of police updated status and only by applying creativity can police identify their various issues.
Aim: This article is intended to determine what effects the creative and innovative knowledge has on police missions in preventing and detecting crimes and it seeks to ascertain whether the police can directly benefit from innovative knowledge or utilize the present technology.
Research The method used in this article is of applied type from quality or nature point of view and it is of descriptive – analytical type.
Findings: The police have spent four periods which is the first new police approach to enter the innovative domain of community policing whose methods are different and often face changes in the course of time. But the more innovative changes happen more often in police, the more positive and benefits it will offer for the society. Police innovations can be divided into four categories such as planning, executive, technical and strategic.
Since 1980s police have been able to apply more innovative knowledge in their missions which not only it has saved time but it has also reduced the process of crime prevention and detection and in addition, by using computers, police have been also able to predict the occurrence of crimes in the future through various computerized crime analysis models in regard to crime hot spots in order to counter them and to take necessary measures to fight against them. Therefore; innovation and creativity contribute to normally saving 130 million Euros worth of police time.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between multiple intelligences and personality characteristics of entrepreneurship and creativity of graduate students of the Faculty of Education and Psychology of Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch in the academic year of 1394-95. The present research is a descriptive method of correlation. The statistical population of this study was all students of the Faculty of Education and Science of Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, in the number of 279 students in the academic year of 1394-95. Using a proportional sampling, 162 subjects were selected according to Morgan's table. Three questionnaires were used to collect the required data: 1- Multiple Inventory Questionnaire 2- Entrepreneurial Characteristics Questionnaire 3- Creativity Questionnaire. To obtain the validity of the questionnaire, the content and form method was used. Reliability coefficient was calculated by Cronbach's alpha. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics and correlation tests and multiple regression analysis were used. The results showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between linguistic intelligence, logical intelligence, logical intelligence, physical-motor intelligence, spatial intelligence, intrinsic intelligence, interpersonal intelligence, nature-oriented intelligence, and personality traits of entrepreneurship. According to the findings, it can be concluded that by accurately identifying the types of intelligences in students, they can be the basis for creating an entrepreneur or the emergence of entrepreneurial spirit in students and the basis for creating creativity in students.

the aim of current mixed method research was to explore the strategist and creative developing model for Iran Oil Company.
This research study is applied research .In terms of its level this research study falls into the category of exploratory research; methodologically it is in the category of mixed methods. In the qualitative part which is based on data theory approach, the required data were gathered by means of semi structured interviews. The number of participants who were involved in the study 24 experts in industry and at universities. After collecting the data, they were encoded; then, necessary measurements were taken to determine dimensions, main categories, subcategories, and relevant concepts related to our coding system. After having gained a coded table which was pivot and selective and finally, the goodness of fit of the paradigmatic research model was developed (n=320).
Findings: The qualitative findings of this study included eleven main categories, twenty four subcategories, and ninety eight concepts. Concepts which were related to development strategists included causative factors (individual factors, organizational factors, and discourses), the category of central strategic thinking (conceptual and organizational thinking, foresight, and philosophical attitudes),obstructive factors (both inter organizational and intra organizational factors), contextual factors (cultural context, psychological factors, and organizational independence), strategies to identify the talented, attract them, and retain them, the outcomes of the establishment of monitoring system, strategic thinking, and the process of developing experts in our oil company .

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of critical thinking training on the creativity and mental vitality Lorestan University of Medical Sciences students in the academic year of 2017-2018.
A semi-experimental research was carried out in the form of pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population included all male and female students of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences. The research sample consisted of 40 students who were selected through purposeful sampling and were randomly assigned to either control or experimental groups of 20 subjects. For measuring attitude toward creativity, before and after the implementation of critical thinking training, Shiferan's attitude to creativity test (2003) and mental health aversion were used from Ryan and Frederick (1997). Critical thinking training for the experimental group received 10 sessions of 90 minutes, and after the course, two groups were subjected to post-test. During this period, no training was performed for the control group. Covariance test was used to analyze the data.
The results showed that teaching critical thinking enhances creativity and intellectual vitality were students (F=6/97, p Thus, according to the teaching of critical thinking in creativity and vitality subjective necessity of holding periods are research and training centers in this area is recommended.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of smart schools (smart schools) on student creativity. The method of this study was applied to the target and in terms of semi-experimental method, using two groups of pre-test and post-test. The statistical population of this study was all high school students in Tehran. Based on the conditions and design chosen in this research, as well as the executive facilities, 50 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. The criteria for entering the sample population were: 1- Parental satisfaction. 2- The cultural convergence of children in terms of the type of previous education; 3. The absence of divorce history and separation in the family; 4. Failure to learn learning disorders; It should be noted that the student was trained in two groups for one semester (one group of traditional methods and another in intelligent schools). The measure of the Torrance creativity test measures measurements of creativity in 4 dimensions, fluidity, flexibility, inventiveness and expansion. Validity and reliability of the test were confirmed both in previous studies and in this research. The results showed that school intelligence has a positive and significant effect on students 'creativity. There is a significant difference between the student's creativity scores, taking into account the control and moderation variables of the pre-test scores in the two groups. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive program for the introduction of information technology into schools and their intelligence in order to promote the creativity of students.